Agriculture in Egypt.
Agriculture in Egypt since ancient times was obliged to the dependable monsoons of the Nile and its seasonal floods.
The Egyptians were known to be one of the first groups to practice farming on a large scale. This was possible due to the ingenuity of the Egyptians in their development of flood irrigation.
Their agricultural practices made it possible to germinate food crops essential to life, especially grains such as wheat and barley, and industrial crops, such as flax and sedge. Agriculture in Egypt, since prehistoric times, depended on the waters of the Nile and its continuous annual flooding of Egyptian lands; With the flood supplied it with water and silt (silt).
Thus, the lands were irrigated annually regularly through what is known as the “rainwater irrigation” system; It is a system that involves dividing the land into basins, which are the erection of mud barriers. The water flows from the canals into the basins. Each aqueduct carries water to about eight of the basins; one by one. In this way, the lands that are closer to the shore of the river are greater than those that are further away.
The history of agriculture in Egypt.
pharaonic era
The ancient Egyptians were credited with building the oldest irrigation school in human history.
They had many achievements in this regard.
They were the first to establish basin irrigation rules on precise engineering foundations, and they also built dams and built canals in addition to preparing some irrigation networks for water distribution. and store it.
Agriculture in Egypt during the Ptolemaic era.
The waterwheel was invented, in the Ptolemaic period, to raise water, and the wheel was the huge huge wheel, and pottery pots were fixed around its perimeter. the waterwheel immerses itself in the water, then rotates; To raise from four to six cubic meters of water: a total of 285 cubic meters in 12 hours.
Agriculture in Egypt in the Islamic era.
During the Islamic era, Egypt made continuous progress in the field of agriculture, so the land was reclaimed, interest in the cultivation of grains continued, the cultivation of rice and maize was introduced, and the cultivation of legumes and cotton cultivation flourished, which flourished in Egypt
Agriculture in Egypt in the Ottoman era.
In the Ottoman era (during the nineteenth century), Egypt witnessed a revolution in the field of agriculture and irrigation, as many major irrigation projects were established, such as Rayahat, canals, barrages, and reservoirs, which led to the provision of water needed to convert a large part of agricultural land to a permanent irrigation system, which contributed to an increasing agricultural area.
Agriculture in Egypt in the modern era
Since the revolution of July 1952 until now, interest in the agricultural sector has continued and work has been done to develop this important sector. Egypt has been known to implement giant irrigation projects, so the construction of the High Dam was started in 1960.
This project contributed to achieving water security for Egypt, which allowed the implementation of horizontal development projects and increase agricultural area continuously.
Agriculture in Egypt, and the Farming tools.
Earth comb
It is a piece of metal made of iron in the shape of a rectangle, with spaced teeth, and a long stick of wood is attached to the metal piece. The ground comb also cleans the ground well of any impurities, stones, or dry weeds
watering jug
It is a group of containers, used for spraying grass and shrubs.
sickle
A tool made of iron or steel metal, which is small, and was used for cutting plants.
galloping
The sharpener is a curved iron tool, and there are fine, closely spaced teeth on the inside.
pitchfork
Used to separate the grains of crops in the threshing process, and with the help of air, a stick with fingers of wood.
Ax
It consists of two pieces, one of them is steel, and it is brass and the other piece is wood.
A machine used for logging and splitting logs.
shovel or metaphase
It is made of steel armor and has a stick length of 1 m, and It is used in the process of turning the soil under and around trees
Nursery
It consists of two vaults of rubber, which are huge, and the two vaults are connected by a wide solid tape, which is used to transport manure and soil.
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