Ramses 2
King Ramses 2 was An Egyptian pharaonic ruler, who ruled Egypt for 66 years from 1279 BC, Until 1212 BC, He is from the nineteenth dynasty Considered the third pharaoh.
The ancients called him the son of the sun goddess, as he ascended to power in his early twenties.
Ramses 2 was the most consequential king in ancient Egypt’s history, and he was able to build many great monuments, in Karnak, Luxor, Thebes, Abydos, Tanis, Memphis, and Nubia.
Ramses 2 life
King Ramses 2 is the son of King Seti I and Queen Tuya, and Nefertari was one of his most famous wives, among his other wives were Isis Nofert, Maat Horneferure, and Princess Hati.
Modified, usurped, or constructed many buildings from the ground up, and the most magnificent of these, by the New Kingdom.
The Royal burial practices would have been his memorial temple: a place of worship dedicated to the pharaoh, the god on earth, where his memory would have been kept alive after his death.
Surviving records indicate that work on the project began shortly after the start of his reign and continued for 20 years.
The number of his sons reached about 90 daughters and sons., among his children were Bantanath, Merit Amen, Setnakht, Pharaoh Merneptah, and Prince Khaimost.
The royal name “Waser Maat Ra in Ra”, means Strong Ra, and Maat, and the original name is “Ra Mssw Meri Amen”, which means “the spirit of Ra, who is the beloved of Amun”.
Ramses 2 led several campaigns north into the Levant, in the second fighting of Kadesh in the fourth year of his reign (1274 BC. M.), the Egyptian forces under his command clashed with the forces of Metals.
Then the king of the Hittites, and over the next years neither side was able to defeat the other, and therefore Ramses concluded in the year atheist.
Finally in The twentieth of his reign (1258 BC) signed a treaty with Hattusilis III, the oldest peace treaty in history. He built many impressive temples and statues, and among the most important temples built by Ramses II are the following
Abu Simbel Complex
Abu Simbel temples are an archaeological site located in the belly of the mountain south of Aswan in Abu Simbel and consist of two large temples carved in the rock.
King Ramses II Built his temple in 1250 BC, the facade of the temple consists of four large statues, the statue of the king, 67 feet (20 meters) high, and a door that leads to rooms 180 feet long, and there are four statues of Ramses II and two of his wife Nefertari.
Ramesseum Temple
It is the mortuary temple of King Ramses II, this temple was named by the king the Ramesseum Temple, whose entrance is located on the eastern side of the Nile in Luxor, it is a temple with a great edifice.
The design of Ramesses’s mortuary temple connects to the standard canons of New Kingdom temple architecture. Oriented northwest and southeast, the temple comprised two stone pylons, each leading into a courtyard.
Beyond the second courtyard, at the center of the complex, was a covered 48-column hypostyle hall surrounding the inner sanctuary.
An enormous pylon stood before the first court, with the royal palace at the left and the gigantic statue of the king looming up at the back.
Remains of the second court include part of the internal façade of the pylon and a portion of the Osiride portico on the right.
Scenes of war and the rout of the Hittites of Kaddish battle are repeated on the walls. On the opposite side of the court, the few Osiride pillars, and columns still left furnish an idea of the authentic majesty.
King Ramses 2 was buried in the Valley of the Kings. Still, his mummy was transferred to the mummy treasury at Deir el-Bahari, where it was discovered in 1881 and transferred to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo five years later, where it is still preserved and proudly displayed.
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